Massage therapy is the manual manipulation of soft tissue by a trained practitioner — distinct from the self-massage tools covered under Exercise Accessories.
The NIH's National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health reports that massage therapy has been studied for many conditions, with evidence suggesting short-term relief of low-back pain, neck and shoulder pain, and pain from osteoarthritis of the knee, as well as reduced anxiety in some settings; it describes many studies as small and short-term, with lasting effects less established. NCCIH reports the risk of serious harm is low when massage is given by a trained practitioner, with cautions listed for people with bleeding disorders, low platelet counts, blood-clot history, fractures and cancer involving the treated area.